Postmodernism Essay - 767 Words

Postmodernism Postmodernism blends old themes with new contemporary issues to create beautiful artwork that commands, questions, and captivates all viewers to participate in discovering its inner meaning. Along with an inner meaning and beauty, it was used as a form of communication that was directed towards social, political, and cultural problems within the world. An architect Robert Stern states, â€Å" The fundamental shift to post-modernism has to do with the reawakening of artists in every field to public responsibilities of art. Once again art is being regarded as an act of communication.† (Wilkin, Schultz, Linduff, â€Å"Art Past Art Present, p.579) The postmodern era emancipated its artists from old traditional barriers that†¦show more content†¦His style is unique in that he chooses five major squares to encapsulate her face, but also used many little squares of various colors to blur her image. Jean resembles traditional art by making the center squar e a focal point. Again mixing the old with a new twist. Thematically it represents to me a person with several different faces each with different personality within one formed entity. Jean’s Mona Lisa breaks down the cultural barriers that separate different cultures of today. Perhaps each square represents one or many different cultures striving for completeness and unity, which is represented by the middle image, which could be another translation. Politically it represents freedom of choice and democracy, which has come a long way since early 1900’s. Each person in the image has their own opinion and when each opinion is combined and agreed upon then the real power lies within numbers. Which is how are political structure is structured. One person chosen by election to represent the majority. Another artist of the postmodern era is a poet name Octavio Paz born in 1914-1999 in Mexico. Paz along with many others believed that language could make oneself be very expressive. His poem called â€Å"To Talk† expresses the feeling that mortal man has special powers that no other being even the gods do not possess. If this poem was written back in the medieval or early times Paz would have been persecutedShow MoreRelatedPostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism1472 Words   |  6 PagesModernism and Postmodernism are both two important eras in design. Postmodernism takes a lot of concepts from the modernism era. Both modernism and post modernism focus on Style, Social analysis, Cultural Context, Philosophy, Politics, Human experience, Machine aesthetics, and the constant transformation of the â€Å"New†. An interesting fact of the Modernism and Postmodernism is the use of the psychology and philosophy themes 1. Subjectivity 2.History 3. Culture and 4. T heoretically divers aestheticsRead MorePostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism1549 Words   |  7 PagesModernism and Postmodernism To begin with, to determine the meaning of postmodernism is possible only through the relationship with modernism. Modernism in modern science is understood as a kind of cultural consciousness, which is implemented in the artistic practice of symbolism, expressionism and acmeism. In the socio-historical context, it means the period of modernism in the development of culture from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century, that is, from Impressionism to a new novel andRead MorePostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism2457 Words   |  10 PagesThis paper outlines, argues and evaluates the key ideas used in debates about modernism and postmodernism. In order to understand and evaluate the key ideas the terms modernism and postmodernism had to be defined. I found much difficulty in finding a clear and concise definition of the two terms and so I researched and formed a train of thoughts into one definition. Modernism, beginning in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth ce ntury within Europe and America, was a movement mainly pioneeredRead MorePostmodernism : A Consensus On Postmodernism2007 Words   |  9 PagesOf Precise Ambiguity A Consensus on Postmodernism C. Jencks, H. Klotz W. Curtis Postmodernism is a universal movement, present in every art and discipline. In architecture, postmodernism is precise as well as ambiguous thereby in need of an explorative pursuit for a consensus of what is meant by the movement in this perspective - between the works of Charles Jencks, a primary theorist of this architectural turn; Heinrich Klotz, a leading architectural critic; and William Curtis, an architecturalRead MoreModernism And Modernism : Postmodernism And Postmodernism1632 Words   |  7 PagesModernism is what most people describe as what came before postmodernism. For this essay I will first be looking at what the meaning of modernism and postmodernism is and I will also be looking at the different factors of both modernism and postmodernism and why modernism has declined and has been rejected. I will also be researching on how modernism and postmodernism started and why it started and for this I will be looking at different characteristic of both modernism and post modernism and compareRead MorePostmodernism and the Simpsons10775 Words   |  44 PagesHugvà ­sindadeild Postmodernism and The Simpsons Intertextuality, Hyperreality and Critique of Metanarratives Ritgerà ° til B.A.-prà ³fs Bjà ¶rn Erlingur Flà ³ki Bjà ¶rnsson bjornfloki@gmail.com Kt. 110982-5779 Maà ­ 2006 Abstract This essay offers a postmodernist reading of the popular television program The Simpsons, with special regard to the postmodern theories of intertexuality, hyperreality, and metanarratives. Before delving into The Simpsons, some major theoretical aspects of postmodernism in aestheticRead MoreThe Concept of Postmodernism5138 Words   |  21 PagesCHAPTER 1 The concept of ‘Postmodernism’- A Theoretical Approach It is a clichà © by now to say that we live in a postmodern world, and it is true that the word ’postmodern’ has become one of the most used, and abused, words in the language. Still, it is striking that not many people can say with assurance what this term actually means and involves. Some theorists suggest that ‘postmodernism’ refers to a mood or an attitude of mind, others define it as a literary, culturalRead MorePostmodernism in Literature5514 Words   |  23 Pagesexperimentation championed by writers of the modernist period (relying heavily, for example, on fragmentation, paradox, questionable narrators, etc.) and a reaction against Enlightenment ideas implicit in Modernist literature. Postmodern literature, like postmodernism as a whole, is difficult to define and there is little agreement on the exact characteristics, scope, and importance of postmodern literature. However, unifying features often coincide with Jean-Franà §ois Lyotards concept of the meta-narrativeRead MorePostmodernism Essay508 Words   |  3 PagesPostmodernism The 20th Century, in many ways, can be remembered as a time of scientific and technological revolution. The innovations and rapid growth in many areas of technology have cast doubt upon words such as ignorance and impossibility. This revolution also instigated new and/or radical ideas in the world of academia. The growth of post-modernism and its adherers in historical circles have caused quite a stir in dealing with the validity of many historical documents. Critical analysisRead MorePostmodernism And Adolescence : The Outsiders1196 Words   |  5 PagesPostmodernism refuses to be pinned down and defined by a set of definitive characteristics or parameters. Its fluid definition begs to be poked and prodded, unwilling to offer a solid answer of what constitutes a Postmodern text. Similarly, the construct of adolescent identity ebbs and flows, now influenced by the advent of social media and its new genre of storytelling. Postmodernism and adolescence together form an interesti ng perspective that has been catalyzed by Young Adult Literature. The disregard

Television, Birth Control, By Fred Pearce - 898 Words

In Fred Pearce article â€Å"TV as Birth Control,† he introduces his argument by asking a simple question; What are U.S family sizes compared with those of India?† This question gives the audience a background introduction to the main idea of the article, which is how TV helps reduce the fertility rate in underdeveloped and developing countries. He talks about one of the difficulties India faces as having a lot of young women of childbearing age. Hence, Pearce’s purpose behind this question is to state that the birth rate in India has fallen dramatically to 2.5 children per woman of childbearing age since the boom of TV programs.. According to the research of Lewis, Pearce reports TV ownership to be a correlation. After conducting various researches on how TV ownership affects physiological and psychological behaviour. Finally, he comes to a conclusion that having a TV in the living room might have the power to transform behavior in the bedroom. This statement means that what women watch on TV could subconsciously affect their decision in having abundant kids. He mentions how the new commercial cable and satellite programming replaced dull government programming with game shows, soap operas, and reality television. This also helped in affecting the fertility rate in India. The most popular show between 2000 and 2008 showed rural Indian women having jobs and business because they had fewer children. Furthermore, Pearce used logos to provide evidence that TV empowers women.Show MoreRelatedTelevision As Birth Control By Fred Pearce762 Words   |  4 PagesI chose the article â€Å"TV as Birth Control† by Fred Pearce. It addressed the issue of population growth and India s trend toward lower birth rates.When the decline in India s population growth was studied by Stanford human geographer Martin Lewis, discovered that the arrival of cable TV was the biggest cause of the decline in birth rate. His research corroborated a 2009 study by Robert Jensen and Emily Oster, development economists from the University of California, Los Angeles, and the UniversityRead MoreTelevision Is An American Staple Essay1042 Words   |  5 PagesTelevision is an American staple. According to Mitchell Stephens, Professor of Journalism and Mass Communication at New York University, Television as we know it, was first introduced in 1927.(Stevens) currently over 98% of American households have at least 1 television set and the average American watches around 3 to 4 hours of television daily. The thought that television can entertain and inform as well as influence is equally powerful and disturbing. As early as the 1920 s, Thomas EdisonRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescombined. During the same time span, however, state tyranny and brutal oppression reached once unimaginable levels—in large part due to the refinement or introduction of new technologies of repression and surveillance and modes of mass organization and control. Breakthroughs in the sciences that greatly enhanced our understandings of the natural world and made for major advances in medicine and health care were very often offset by the degradation of the global environment and massive spurts in excessiveRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pagesa productive worker again. Such approaches include raising the height of desks in order to provide wheelchair access, providing curb ramps for wheelchairs, providing appropriate handrails, simple changes in rest room facilities, lowering elevator controls, and removing structural barriers such as revolving doors. Simple changes such as alterations in the job may also be made, such as allowing physically disabled workers to work shorter hours. Other inexpensive approaches include providing batterypoweredRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory: surfing the new wave? Introduction The origins of new-wave management Control in organizations Unpredictable behaviour Informal control: organizational misbehaviour? Complexity and the problem of implementation Three types of formal control Bureaucratic control Output control Cultural control The new wave in action: managing cultural change A theoretical explanation of a possible shift in control: A new historical configuration? 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Necessity for Nuclear Weapons Free Essays

The Necessity of Nuclear Power As time goes by and the world becomes more advanced technologically, we develop a greater need for energy sources. Most of the fuels that we use today are non-renewable, such as coal and oil. Nuclear power is a source of power which brings many benefits. We will write a custom essay sample on Necessity for Nuclear Weapons or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is less expensive because it is based on uranium, which is easily accessible. With very little amounts of uranium, great amounts of energy can be produced. A significant advantage is that by producing energy using nuclear power, the process does not give off Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide which contribute to the rising problem of Global Warming. One of the biggest advantages of nuclear power is the discoveries made in nuclear medicine, such as CAT scan, cancer therapy and MRI machines. Nuclear power has become more useful in the past century with the inventions of nuclear weapons. The invention of atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs and other weapons of mass destruction has given nations more power and source of safety. A single weapon can be capable of destroying a whole city. Nuclear weapons have only been used twice in history, both during the closing events of the Second World War in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It is a wise decision to possess nuclear weapons if you are a wealthy nation with power. If a nation feels threatened at any time, it can depend on these weapons to protect themselves from the enemy. Nuclear power has disadvantages as well. If any accidents were to occur, many people can be fatally injured. Nuclear plants are only reliable to a certain extent. In reality, if any accident were to happen, a whole city can be expected to evacuate. One major disadvantage of nuclear power is that is creates significant amounts of radioactive waste. This waste causes problems for the world because of its high radiation. The waste remains for hundreds of years and creates high temperatures. Although nuclear power does have disadvantages, I believe that it necessary as long as it is used in the correct manner. The fossil fuels used for energy today are not an infinite resource. Someday, humans may need to rely on different sources of power and energy for consumption. Without the proper source of energy, our world would stop because people would not know how to react to the shortage of resources. In nuclear power and the production of energy can be handled correctly, a possibility of an accident is relatively rare. Nuclear power can be a good substitute for the burning of fossil fuels for energy. The manufacturing of weapons of mass destruction is also beneficial to the well-being of nations and the people. If any disputes that led to war were to occur, countries have the ability to protect themselves if need be. Knowing the fact that multiple nations may be in possession of such weapons, decreases the likelihood of severe combat. How to cite Necessity for Nuclear Weapons, Essay examples

Impact of climate change on Woolworths-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Climate Change on Woolworths. Answer: Impact of climate change on Woolworths Environmental issue is one of the prime concerns around the world in the present scenario. Climate is changing very rapidly and it is affecting every entity in the world (Collins et al. 2013). Business organizations have contradictory relations with the climatic changes. Organizations are directly or indirectly contributing in generating pollutants which lead to the climatic change. However, this change in the climate is adversely affecting their business also. This essay will discuss about the impact of climate changes in the business from the perspective of Woolworths (Berkhout 2012). In addition, the extent to which Woolworths is contributing in the climate change will also be discussed. Their current policies to counter this issue will be discussed in this essay. Woolworths is a supermarket brand based in Australia (Woolworths Online, 2017). They along with Coles are having majority of the market share in the Australian regions. They mainly deal with grocery products along with various stationery items (Woolworths Online, 2017). Present environment of Woolworths is favorable for their operations but the future business may get affected due to rapid climatic changes. Environmental changes can affect their supply chain of fruits and vegetables. Laws and regulations in Australia are also getting stricter. Woolworths will have to comply with all these laws for their operational facilities. Carbon emission is another environmental issue for them (Allwood et al. 2012). Woolworths is working on various initiatives to check their carbon emission. Climatic changes will also impacts on their business policies. Use of fossil fuels in the transportation of their supplies will also get affected due to lack of availability of non-renewable fuels in the fut ure (Hook and tang 2013). They have taken various initiatives to deal with these probable issues. Woolworths always try to comply with the current social environment in the Australian regions. They have introduced different latest concepts to fulfill the changed taste and preference pattern of the customers and offering them a whole new shopping experience. They have also identified that, current expectation of the customers is to have availability of various products across diversified price ranges. Thus, Woolworths offers products at the lowest possible prices to match the affordability of all the customer segments. Customers are also expecting convenience during shopping. Hence, they place their shopping centers in the heart of the city. They have started online platform of their stores to match with the current trend of online shopping (Rose et al. 2012). Online shopping also adds convenience to the customers. Customer loyalty program has also started to attract more customers and already Woolworths have inducted more than 900000 subscribers (Evanschitzky et al. 2012). With t he recent trend of preferring healthy and nutritional products by the customers, they are adding more green products and groceries. Economic environment of Woolworths is fluctuating in nature. Their business had been affected due to the recent global financial crisis. Unemployment and recession is the major factors in reducing the purchasing power of the customers (Hampson and McGoldrick 2013). This affects the business of Woolworths. They are gaining fewer customers due to the reduction in their purchasing power. These global issues are contributing in the negative growth of the organization. However, the retail industry in Australia is less affected from the financial crisis than the global market. Hence, Australian market is providing the most business opportunity for Woolworths. Natural environment of Australia is also degrading as the global environment. Though, Australian government has been introduced various measures to curb the change in environment, it is not enough to withstand. With the increase in industrialization and economic development, more pressure is being created on the environment. Climate change will mostly have negative impact for Woolworths. However, there are some opportunities that can be generated from the change in climate. Due to the reason of climate change, the average temperature will increase. This will lead to the increase in the demand for the winter appliances such as, air conditioners and refrigerator (Berkhout 2012). Also the food materials for the summer seasons will see the surge in demand. More environment friendly products will be sold by them. Shortage of supply will lead them to increase the price of their products in the market. This will enable them to infuse more revenue from the market. Change in the temperature will help in generating new requirement of the customers. Woolworths can get benefited by identifying these new requirements of the customers. Climate change will also have negative impact for Woolworths as well as for the entire retail industry. Products related to the winter seasons will have lower demand from the customers. Rise in temperature will also reduce the footfall in the stores. Perishable goods will be wasted due to the rise in temperature. Supply of the seasonal products will get affected due to the change in climate. Supply chain of Woolworths will get affected because of irregularity in the production due to change in climate. Change in environment will adversely affect the growth of food items and thus will increase the price in the market. Cultivation of natural food items will be effected due to the climate change (Wheeler and Von Braun 2013). Increase in the price will negatively influence the customers to buy the particular product. Thus, retail industry will be affected from having fewer customers. Woolworth deals in the clothing and apparel sectors also. This sector will also get adversely affected by the change in climate. It is due to the reasons that, various natural raw materials are being used in production of the dress materials (Kurukulasuriya and Rosenthal 2013). Production of these natural items will be affected by the change in the temperature and thus affecting the fashion retail business of Woolworths. Woolworths is having negative impact on the environment due to their business policies. Carbon emission is one of the major issues with them regarding climate change. Woolworths is one of the leading organizations in Australia in terms of carbon emission. This issue led to the increase of pollutant in the atmosphere which in turns leads to global warming. Exploitation of natural resources such as water is also a point of concern from the environmental perspective. Scarcity of water is already been seen in different regions. Exploitation and wastage of water by them is contributing in having more scarcity. Waste materials from their stores have also negative impact for the environment. Physical waste led to air and water pollutions. Also the electricity using by them is also contributing in global warming. Woolworths is one of the prominent organizations in Australian regions who pay a huge amount of electricity bills. Using more electricity means burning of more fossil fuels. Hence, burning of fossil fuels has a negative impact on the environment. Thus, Woolworths is indirectly contributing in burning fossil fuels and influencing the global warming. Woolworth has promoted various initiatives to counter these issues related to environment. The business policies of Woolworth are complied with the Kyoto protocol which is originated by United Nations. By adhering with the Kyoto protocol, they are committed in reducing the greenhouse gas generated from their facilities. Woolworths promoted a strategy named, doing the right thing in 2007 in order to decrease the carbon emissions from their various operational facilities. The target set in this policy is to reduce the carbon emissions, Opening of new green stores which will be environment friendly. These types of stores will have technologies to curb the impact on environment. The policy also includes target to reduce the wastage of water and preservation of water. They are also offering bins in their stores for the customers to deposit their waste plastic bags. These bags are being recycled and are used in various ways. Woolworths will also invest in generation of renewable energy which will prove cost-effective in the long-run for them. They are working with their suppliers in educating them about the impact of climate change (Arli et al. 2013). As Woolworth deals with food items, thus they have promoted awareness drive for their suppliers in order to produce food items complying with the environmental issues. Woolworths is now promoting recycled packages for their product. This will help in reducing the waste generated from the packaging materials. Also, the packages are done in such a way that, they will reduce the chance of damaging the product. Thus, wastage of product can also be prevented. They have taken an initiative to gradually reduce the waste from their stores. They will work on waste management and food rescue initiatives. They has set a target of reducing the deforestation gradually and aimed to achieve zero rate of deforestation for manufacturing their own branded products (Buizer, Humphreys and de Jong 2014). They have increased their investment on renewable energy such as, solar energy. Woolworths invested more than $2.3 million to install 4000 solar panels in the rooftop of their stores. From their already installed capacity, they have generated more 1560 MW. Strength of Woolworths includes the position of market leadership with having goodwill and reputation. It will help them to penetrate more in the market and expand in the new market. Moreover, the reduction in carbon footprint and introduction of cost efficient ways of packaging will help them to reduce the operating cost in the long term. Weakness includes the external threats from the natural and economic environments. For instance, the price of the products of Woolworths is being fixed by the Australian government, which will hamper their future growth. Retail industry as a whole shows a good growth in Australia, thus it will have a favorable impact on the business of Woolworth. In addition, introduction of Omni channel marketing strategy will enable them to target more number of audiences. Threats include entry of new competitors in the market. Already they are operating in an intensely competitive market which restricts them to increase their price of the products. Also, intervention from the government is also a threat for Woolworths. Woolworth has taken various initiatives in curbing the impact on environment (Smith 2013). However, effectiveness of the above discussed policies is not full proofed. It is due to the reason that, change in the organizational policies cannot able to check the environmental impact without having holistic approach from all the stakeholders. However, it is not mandatory for all to take care of the environment. The policies may not have the desired outcome. Also, the implementation of the policies is gradual in nature and cannot have instant outcome. Thus, instant reduction of impact on the environment is not possible. The retail industry as a whole has also taken few initiatives in order to curb the environmental impact (Smith 2013). They have made compulsory for all the retailers to issue their annual sustainability report based on their environmental policies. Retail industry is trying to cope up with the climate change. Industry is working on having fixed policies for environmental issue which will be followed by all the organizations. Retail industry is committed to work towards using renewable source of energy for their use of electricity in the stores (Twidell and Weir 2015). More green energy will be in use. Using more green energy on the whole industrial basis will have a huge positive impact on the environment. Retail industry caters with billion of customers every day. Therefore, it is being initiated that they will launch awareness drive for their customers to aware them about the climate change. The policies of the retail industry are also not full proofed regarding their effectiveness. Retail industry has taken these initiatives not as a mandatory but as options for the organizations. Hence, retail o rganizations are not bound to follow the initiatives taken. Moreover, clear policies about how to generate revenue in aligning with various policies related to the environment has not been initiated (Kozluk and Zipperer). According to several organizations, following strict environmental regulations will not fetch any outcome for them rather than it will be incurred as an extra expenses. Thus, it is required for the whole retail industry to come up with a clear planning about how to align their business objectives with the environmental policies. In Australia, majority of retail sectors are organized, however, there are some percentage of unorganized retailers also comprising of small organizations and businesses. It may pose a challenge for them to comply with the environmental decisions taken by the industry. Large retail firms have the ability to implement the regulations, but small organizations will not have the enough capital and infrastructure to implement (Ryan 2012). Therefore, the motive or objective of the environmental policies taken by the retail industry cannot be achieved as a whole. Retail industry in Australia should come up with sustainable policies which will be acceptable to all the stakeholders in the industry (Bocken and Allwood 2012). Organizations should have the clear knowledge about the objectives of their policies regarding environment. Environmental policies should not be diluted with the business objectives. Otherwise, it will not fetch its desired outcome. Proper implementation of these policies on the individual organizations as well as in the entire industry will not only reduce the environmental impact on and from their industry but also, it will aware billion of customers in initiating sustainable approach. Referencs Allwood, J.M., Cullen, J.M., Carruth, M.A., Cooper, D.R., McBrien, M., Milford, R.L., Moynihan, M.C. and Patel, A.C., 2012.Sustainable materials: with both eyes open(p. 384). Cambridge: UIT Cambridge. Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R. and Soldo, E., 2013. Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration.Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura,16(1). Berkhout, F., 2012. Adaptation to climate change by organizations.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews: climate change,3(1), pp.91-106. Bocken, N.M.P. and Allwood, J.M., 2012. Strategies to reduce the carbon footprint of consumer goods by influencing stakeholders.Journal of Cleaner Production,35, pp.118-129. Buizer, M., Humphreys, D. and de Jong, W., 2014. Climate change and deforestation: The evolution of an intersecting policy domain.Environmental Science Policy,35, pp.1-11. Collins, M., Knutti, R., Arblaster, J., Dufresne, J.L., Fichefet, T., Friedlingstein, P., Gao, X., Gutowski, W.J., Johns, T., Krinner, G. and Shongwe, M., 2013. Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility. Evanschitzky, H., Ramaseshan, B., Woisetschlger, D.M., Richelsen, V., Blut, M. and Backhaus, C., 2012. Consequences of customer loyalty to the loyalty program and to the company.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(5), pp.625-638. Hampson, D.P. and McGoldrick, P.J., 2013. A typology of adaptive shopping patterns in recession.Journal of Business Research,66(7), pp.831-838. Hk, M. and Tang, X., 2013. Depletion of fossil fuels and anthropogenic climate changeA review.Energy Policy,52, pp.797-809. Kozluk, T. and Zipperer, V., 2015. Environmental policies and productivity growth.OECD Journal: Economic Studies,2014(1), pp.155-185. Kurukulasuriya, P. and Rosenthal, S., 2013. Climate change and agriculture: A review of impacts and adaptations. Rose, S., Clark, M., Samouel, P. and Hair, N., 2012. Online customer experience in e-retailing: an empirical model of antecedents and outcomes.Journal of Retailing,88(2), pp.308-322. Ryan, S.P., 2012. The costs of environmental regulation in a concentrated industry.Econometrica,80(3), pp.1019-1061. Smith, K., 2013.Environmental hazards: assessing risk and reducing disaster. Routledge. Twidell, J. and Weir, T., 2015.Renewable energy resources. Routledge.e Wheeler, T. and Von Braun, J., 2013. Climate change impacts on global food security.Science,341(6145), pp.508-513. Woolworths Online. (2017).Woolworths Supermarket - Buy Groceries Online. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/Shop/Discover/about-us [Accessed 12 Jul. 2017].

Chinese Mothers and Their Incredible Parenting

In her short article, Chua (2013) takes the readers down the controversial track of striving for perfection as the key slogan for child rearing. Despite the fact that their son or daughter evolving into personalities with wide range of opportunities, numerous skills and even greater assets is a dream of every parent, very few people actually know how to bring children up so that they could become successful. As the latest researches and statistical data say, the rates of literacy and academic performance among the U.S. children are dropping fast.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Chinese Mothers and Their Incredible Parenting specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Their Chinese counterparts, however, seem to be doing much better in terms of academic achievements and striving for achieving perfection, which makes wonder whether the methods of Chinese upbringing is better than the American one. Despite the fact that there are a number of peculiar features of the Chinese upbringing to consider, though, the idea of pushing a child to his/her limits does not seem reasonable either. On the surface, Chua offers a detailed account of why the Chinese children are much better at achieving good academic results and building a better career. However, when taking a closer look at Chua’s argument, one will be able to spot certain similarities between the issues that Chua raises in her piece of writing and the concepts introduced by Cherlin (2013). However, a somewhat closer reading of the article written by Chua begs the question whether the author truly tried to reflect on the difference between the methods of child upbringing in a traditional Chinese and a traditional American family, or whether the article also touched upon certain stereotypes concerning the Asian families or the link between strict upbringing rules and success. As a matter of fact, the very image of a typical â€Å"soccer mom† pushing her child to success does not seem very flattering, either. The given issue raises the question whether parents should exercise strict control over their children’s lives, and at what age the control can possibly be made a little bit less tight. As Cherlin explains, in some respect, parents’ attempt to make their children perfect at whatever they take up as an activity can be viewed through a lens that is, in fact, a bit different from the innocent desire for one’s child to be the leader (Cherlin, 2013a). Instead, Cherlin argues, parents might project their own unaccomplished dreams and desires, therefore, ousting the child’s personality and replacing it with their idea of what their child must be like. Another peculiar issue that Chua raises in her story is the conflicts between parents and children, the things that family members way to each other when they cannot control their temper and the way in which the words that, probably, should not hav e been spoken, affect children afterwards. As Chua recalls, once, during a conflict, her father told her that he was ashamed of her; however, the given phrase not only made Chua feel less important, but also evoke the need for self-improvement.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Applying the given scenario to the American setting, one has to admit that in most cases, such an interjection would have ultimately led to an even deeper conflict. However, it could also be argued that the given principle could be used in child rearing in order to help parents gain their authority in their children’s eyes (Blaisure et al., 2012). Reference List Blaisure, K. R. et al. (2012). Defining features of military families. In K. R. Blaisure et al. (Eds.), Military families in the 21st century. New York, NY: Routledge. Cherlin, A. J. (2013). Public and private families: An introduction (7th e d.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Cherlin, A. J. (2013a). Public and private families: A reader (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Chua, A. (2011, Jan 8). Why Chinese mothers are superior. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704111504576059713528698754 This essay on Chinese Mothers and Their Incredible Parenting was written and submitted by user Camron Knowles to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

great depression Essay Example

great depression Essay Example great depression Paper great depression Paper Many times throughout history the United States has undergone economic depression.The most recognized period of economic depression is called the Great Depression. The Great Depression is well known because of the seriousness of the stock market crash.The results of the crash were more serious than any other crash throughout American History.The Great Depression caused a change in the nature of the American family, an increase in poverty, and President Herbert Hoovers proposal for immediate action by the government, balanced his belief in rugged individualism with the economic necessities. While most Americans are familiar with the Great Depression as a time of economic disaster, it also had an impact on the American Family life.There were obvious differences in the classes as a result of the Great Depression.The lower and the middle classes changed considerably, but the upper class lifestyle did not vary a great deal.(Simmons 41) The fathers role as head of the household became m ore challenging because there were fewer jobs.The expectation was for fathers to work and support their families. The reality of the lower class was that few men brought home paychecks.Some fathers suffered anxiety and a feeling of worthlessness for failing to provide for their families.Many resorted to stealing food and money just to survive.(Simmons 41) Women were offered greater opportunities in the work force, however they tended to take the position of stay-at-home mothers.According to Simmons Men resented employed women for they felt that they were occupying jobs that could be given to unemployed men.(Simmons 43) Children in the lower class were expected to get an education so that they could improve their situation.In addition they were needed at home to help with household chores.Unfortunately, many poor children dropped out of school because of their obligations at home. Children in the middle class were bett

Social Welfare and Social Work Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Social Welfare and Social Work Practice - Essay Example The Scandinavian Model attempts to provide benefits to all citizens on an equal footing, regardless of employment status. In contrast, The Beveridge Model seeks to provide benefits to those citizens perceived as experiencing "the greatest need" (Ploug). First advocated by the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck, the third model benefits most "those who have been on the labour market" (Ploug), and the fourth model places the burden of welfare on the family. It is with the first two of these models, and the countries in which they are practiced, that this essay is concerned. Quality of life is in large part dictated by the way in which a state runs its welfare policies. Such concepts as social cohesion versus social exclusion are important identifiers of the quality of life that is typical in a state. These things influence and are influenced by such variables as citizenship, migration, and even the state of the family units. State welfare policies often have much to say on these topics. Though many are the domestic factors influencing the direction of a state's policies, these policies are often also influenced by outside factors, such as trade and senior governing bodies. Since its inception, the European Union has implemented policies that have affected the way its member states carry out their own social welfare policies. This supranational body was developed over several decades, and now comprises 25 co-operating European countries. It recognizes its principal goal as being "to promote and expand cooperation among member states in economics and trade, social issues, foreign policy, security and defense, and judicial matters" (Urwin, 2005). Based on the fact that a major goal of the EU is the unification of the European market and the reduction of economic disparities among the member states, many of the policies with which it is concerned also affect the social welfare policies of its member states (2005). In addition, lobbyists for several causes frequent its gates in order to influence the formulation of policy. Though the extent to which the EU exerts influence on its member states is varied, the United Kingdom and Scandinavian countries have h ad to make changes or adjustments to their policies in response to the actions of the European Union. This essay will, therefore, discuss the similarities and differences of the two models represented in these regions in light of social cohesion and exclusion, migration, citizenship and family life. It will also examine the two models in light of ways in which they have changed as a result of the influence of the European Union. The term "Scandinavian welfare model" specifically defines the method of state-run welfare as it exists in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The type of welfare system represented in this model is often placed in what is known as the "Social-Democratic" camp, though this does not necessarily mean that its tenets are supported solely by the socialist parties of those countries (Ploug). The system is, however, based on the idea of equality, and it recognizes what it considers the right that each individual possesses to the opportunities that will secure a good quality of life. This, therefore, is provided to all citizens regardless of their social or employment status. On the other hand, the social welfare model adopted by the United Kingdom (also known as the Beveridge model) is placed in what is known as the liberal camp. This system was developed "to encourage the provision

Acute chest sydrome Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Acute chest sydrome - Research Paper Example Basically, the illness is defined as follows: â€Å"ACS is the term used to describe a new pulmonary infiltrate with respiratory findings in a person with sickle cell disease.† (Miller, 2011). The causes of Acute Chest Syndrome have been found to be both infectious and noninfectious. Thus causing its treatment modalities to be different and not typical when compared to the treatment of other pulmonary illnesses that might be found in non Sickle Cell patients. Hence the unique nature of Acute Chest Syndrome as a stand alone illness or as part of the Sickle Cell complications. â€Å"2504 febrile events in 466 children with SCD resulted in 466 of the infants acquiring ACS. The incidence of ACS cumulatively decreased over time from 27.0% to 17.4% among febrile children with SCD (P More commonly seen as a complication among children suffering from CSD, ACS has proven to have a peak incidence among children between 2-4 of age, which accounts for 25.3 per 100 patients years among children with hemoglobin SS. The epidemiology of the illness also offers evidence that among patients with SCD; â€Å"ACS is the second most common cause of hospitalization (second to vasoocclusive pain) with a reported rate of 12.8 hospitalizations per 100 patient years. It is the most common cause of death, with one-fourth of SCD-related deaths due to ACS. In a report from the CSSCD, the death rate in patients with ACS is 1.8 percent in children and 4.3 percent in adults.†(Uptodate.com, 2014) Among hospitalized patients with SCD, almost half of those confined can be

HGPS Interface Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

HGPS Interface - Assignment Example Additionally, the system will find more appropriate routes to the destination of users, saving them a lot of money in the air pollution and in gasoline. The cars will therefore be safer in any condition of the weather. Business having larger outlet numbers like the utilities will manage the resources in an efficient manner thus reducing the cost of consumers. The Holographic Global Positioning System will offer the answers in facilitating all these concerns. The Holographic Global Positioning System will offer intelligent location of the vehicle and navigation information that will enable the users avoid freeway that is congested. Additionally, the system will find more appropriate routes to the destination of users, saving them a lot of money in the air pollution and in gasoline (Rabbany, 2002). The cars will therefore be safer in any condition of the weather. Business having larger outlet numbers like the utilities will manage the resources in an efficient manner thus reducing the cost of consumers. The Holographic Global Positioning System will offer the answers in facilitating all these concerns. A Holographic Global Positioning System is positioning systems for radios that will combine techniques of computer mapping in offering the three dimensional position, time information, and velocity it equip the user near the surface of the earth (Blaauw, 1976). The Holographic Positioning System is one of the major developments of wireless communication market (Prentzas, 2010). It is a crucial tool for surveying and map-making and has become one of the most important global utility that is cannot be dispensed for the modern navigation on land. The Holographic Global Positioning System is divided into three parts. The segment for users, control segment, and segment for space. The figure below shows the main components of Holographic Global Positioning System.The space has a space segment composing of GPS satellites that will

Hinduism What Makes It Very Appealing Theology Religion Essay

Hinduism What Makes It Very Appealing Theology Religion Essay South Asia particularly, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan has billions of population who follow and practice Hinduism. Hinduism, todays oldest living religion, is practiced by most of the natives of above countries as well as the people who have migrated from these nations to other parts of the world. Alone in India 82% people are Hindus (Moore 487). Hinduism is a unique religion without fundamentals. It is an agglomeration of religious, cultural, and philosophical ideas and practices. Thereby, Hinduism, a heterogeneous mixture of numerous traditions has its own value and set of beliefs. Hinduism, one of the oldest religions in the history, is a blend of various cultures and is legendary for its controversial origin, religious beliefs, and multiple deities. Hinduism or the religion of Hindus, has largely unknown origins because of its great shape and unclear authors of its sacred texts. There is always a controversy regarding the origin of Hinduism since centuries. The term Hinduism derives from the Persian word that refers to the Sindhu (or Indus) river which is situated in northwest India. Hindu was first used in the 14th century by Arabs, Afghans, and Persians to describe about the people of that region. In spite of this lack of definitive origin, there are two theories, Out of India Theory and Indo Aryan Theory that deal with the history of Hinduism. As per out of India Theory, Hinduism is entirely born in India. The original house of the Hindus was India; later they spread out to central Asia and thence to Europe (Modi 11). Historians, of this theory, generally hold that the origin of Hinduism can be traced to the ancient civilization of Indus Valley. Fairy extensive archeological evidences support this theory of origin before 4,000 years. Found aged rock paintings and depictions in the caves at Northern India are main bases to conclude that Hindus were in India who migrated to north and west later. The second theory or Indo Aryan Theory basically says that a group of nomads called Aryans moved to the India and mixed with the natives. However, this theory of origin has been under contemporary scientists belief and increasing challenge. According to this theory, the Artic, of all places w as the original home of these people who migrated to India in course of centuries. Initially, these migrants populated central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, and finally India. These pre-historic migrants or Aryans were considered as honorable and noble people, who invaded the Indus valley civilization and invented Hinduism along with the natives. These Aryans spoke a language that in its refined form came to be known as Sanskrit, which is believed to be the oldest language in the world. Due to the lack of supporting proof, this theory has now been proven to be flawed one and is considered nothing more than a myth. According to scholars, the evolution of Hinduism may be divided into three periods: the ancient (6500 BCE-1000 AD), the medieval (1000-1800 AD), and the modern (1800 AD to present). About 1500 B.C. the Indus valley was invaded from the east by the Aryans. By the year 1000, the basic doctrines of Hinduism had been formed, and the ancient period of Hinduism gave way to the medieval period. The modern period of Hinduism began about 1800 with the introduction of British rule into India. In addition to the unclear origin, another reason of Hinduism to be a unique is its basic tenets. Hinduism embraces a great diversity of  beliefs about the universe, God and the path to liberation. In Hinduism, the cosmos is represented by the various elements which represent the mass. In Indian mythology, the whole universe is consists of strong radiation represented by the term OM which is the essence of all mantras, the highest all mantras and the divine word. OM consists of three sounds: the vowel a, the vowel u, and a nasalized m. It is said that OM of Hinduism and Amen of Christianity have similar sound and meaning as well. In case of God, for Hindus, he is omnipotent, omniscient, and omnipresent beyond any attributes of shapes, color, and formà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.In general, Hindus consider God not just as the supreme and almighty one, but also the personal one whom the individual can worship. Basically, the divine trinity of Hinduism is formed by Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh who p ossess the characters corresponding to creation, preservation, and annihilation. Hinduism considers diverse aspects of God, in multifarious form. Thereby, it is sometimes viewed as polytheistic or believing in many gods (Rosen 33). As, Hinduism is a cluster of diverse belief and traditions, the prominent themes of Hinduism include the authority of the Vedas (the oldest Indian sacred texts), the Brahman (the ultimate reality), law of karma, right actions, reincarnation, and liberation from the cycle of rebirth. The Vedas are the most ancient religious texts of Hinduism-indeed; they are the oldest religious texts in an Indo- European language. All the religious realms and divine pantheons are described in the vast corpus of mythological and ritual Vedas. Vyas, a holy priest wrote all these Vedas, that Hindus believe. Even, Lord Krishna mentions about the importance of Vedas in Bhagavad Gita (part of Hindu largest Epic Mahabharat): I am seated in everyones heart and from me come remembrance, knowledge, and forgetfulness. By study of Vedas, the goal is to know only me; and it is only I who truly know these texts, indeed, I am the creator of the final truth (The Bhagavad Gita 15.15). There are four main Vedas where whole Hinduism is elaborated: the Rigveda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda, and the Atharwaveda. Except Vedas, Hindus believe in caste system too, where Brahmans or Brahmins lie on top. A Brahmin is a member of the highest priestly caste in Hinduism who performs priestly services. Brahmins as well as Vedas are two concepts that are fundamental to Hinduism and differentiate the faith from Buddhism and Jainism. Hindu scriptures explain the ultimate reality as Brahman which is obviously the source of all things. It is said that Brahman is the ultimate mystery without any attributes and qualities which is behind the universe and all the Gods. It is pure, indivisible, infinite, incorporeal, and all pervading likewise the sky. To know about life, it is necessary to know the Brahman and the Atman which is the self, the soul, the principle of individual life. Some people feel that a message of Hinduism is, through meditation and contemplation; an individual must come to realize the fact that the Brahman is Atman. The idea that humans soul transfer into a new body after death is a main theme of Hindu tenet and this process happens over and over in a continuous cycle known as Samsara. Throughout these lives, Karma is the one which keeps an individual imprisoned by trans-migratory cycle and determines the quality of next reincarnation. Karma means deed or action. Each souls unique destiny is determined by the universal law of Karma. Hindus also believe that by good Karma the cycle of Samsara can be escaped when a soul reaches a stage known as  moksha (liberation). One who is free from ignorance and sins is eligible for Mokshya and after this point; the soul will reside in heaven. Moreover, truth, meditation, yoga, piousness, honesty, celibacy, prayers, penance, cleanliness, non-violence are other tenets of Hindus. Hindus perform different religious practices and rites according to the age of an individual with the help of trained priest or chaplain serving family. Naming, weaning, hair cutting, marriage, death are different rites throughout a Hindus life. The most important and never a-parting relationship and most engrossing event of a Hindus life is marriage. It is subjected to be the most prolonged and an endless conversation however; those who remain unmarried are also treated with the upmost respect, if he has a pious motive. The bride and bride groom start their lives together where fire is taken as witness. The couples make seven rounds around the fire and each round has its specific promise which they are supposed to keep throughout their married life. In case of remarriage, the Hindu society allows a widower to remarriage however, widows are never allowed to remarry and have affairs throughout their lives. After marriage, the funeral or death ceremony comes second important and this d iffers from caste to caste. The closing moment of a Hindus life is associated with number of actions. After death, the body is destroyed, ideally on the bank of river with fire. Afterwards, Hindu mourning lasts one year, during which a large number of ceremonies have to be performed for the Mokshya or liberation of the Soul. Hinduism is generally associated with multiple deities and does not advocate the worship of one particular deity. Home is the center of religious practices for Hindus. Deities are represented by a complexity of images and idols symbolizing divine powers. Each home has an idol, a picture or at least an image to worship. Cleaning and sprinkling the holy water are common ways to make the house holy and livable for God. In addition, Hindus go to different temples very frequently to worship different gods. Hindus view the Supreme Beings cosmic activity as comprised of three main tasks: creation, preservation, and dissolution. There three tasks are associated with three deities Brahma,  Vishnu  and  Shiva which are fundamental deities of Hinduism and they stand as  creator, preserver and destroyer respectively. Lord Brahma brings forth the generation and represents the creative principle of the Supreme Being. Where, Lord Vishnu maintains the universe and represents the eternal prin ciple of preservation. Lord Shiva represents the principle of dissolution and recreation. All future characters in Hinduism are connected somehow with these three deities. A Hindu deity represents a particular Supreme Being. These three deities together form the Hindu trinity. One must clearly apprehend that these three gods present the same power, the Supreme Being in three different aspects and are not independent. Bansi Pandit says, The oneness of the three gods Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva or Mahesh is brought out by the mystic symbol AUM where A represents Vishnu, U Shiva and M Brahma. After deities, Hindus also worship planets, trees, animals, and even spirits. As per Hindu scriptures, living beings are not apart from God, since, he resides in each and every one of the creatures in the form of atman (BG 10.39). Hence, each living being is a solitary manifestation of God. In addition, Hinduism has always been an environmentally sensitive philosophy and contains the earliest messages for sustentation of environmental and ecological balance. Thus, Hindus worship nine planets as God because it is believed that these angelic bodies in the cosmos affect every aspect of human lives and are responsible for all the good or bad times one faces in life. Among them, the sun has a major role and is worshipped in different forms. The holy Gayatri mantra is solely dedicated to the sun: Let us mediate on the adorable splendor of sun; may he arouse our minds with his golden beams. After the solar system or planets, Hindus also worship animals and plants such as cow and holy basil. The priests say that just looking after a cow in itself is a form of worship. Holy basil which is often called Queen of herbs is the mother medicine of nature. Generally each Hindus home has a basil plant in courtyard and the house is considered incomplete if it does not have a basil plant somewhere in residence. In India this plant is hallowed for more than five thousand years as a healing balm for body, mind and soul. As Hinduism is a mixture of different castes, cultures, and is comprised of many varying beliefs such as pantheism, monotheism, polytheism, and atheism; it seems very unique in comparison to other eastern religions. Even though philosophers and historians have controversy regarding Hinduism, Hindus do not have any contradiction among their beliefs.

Homosexuality in the Film Latter Days and in Sexual Perversion by Nagel

From the assigned readings and film, I felt that I have gained a better understanding on one of the most controversial types of relationships, homosexuality. The topic of homosexuality isn’t easy to openly talk about but it is important as philosophy students, to have an open-mind about topics that we don’t partake in. Doing so allows us to promote new ways of thinking about the world around us and see them in a whole new light. In this personal response paper, I will discuss homosexuality in connection with the film Latter Days to determine why a homosexual relationship can meet Kant’s criteria for acceptable love as mentioned in Ruse’s essay, â€Å"Is Homosexuality Bad Sexuality?†, as well as why it qualifies as a complete and healthy relationship as described by Nagel in â€Å"Sexual Perversion.† Michael Ruse’s essay revolves around the central question if homosexuality is an acceptable form of relationship. In order to help answer this question, Ruse examines this argument from multiple philosophical perspectives, mainly the categorical imperative and utilitarianism. The first ethical framework is Kant’s categorical imperative. According to this theory, a person should not use another for their own benefit or the benefit of others because â€Å"people must be treated as subjective worthy beings in their own right† (Ruse, 1995, pg.113). This means that in a relationship, one must not treat the other as a means to the fulfillment of their sexual desires (e.g. as a sexual object). Instead, there must be respect for the dignity of the other. â€Å"By giving oneself reciprocally – by yielding oneself, body and soul – one shows respect for the other as an end and not just as a means† (Ruse, 1995, pg. 113). In doing so, according to Kant, there woul... ...ity was something that I never really took the time to think about but after reading the essays and watching the film, I have newfound respect for homosexuality. I know it’s only a matter of opinion, but I do genuinely feel that homosexuality is indeed an acceptable way for people to act and that there is nothing wrong with it. Works Cited Nagel, T. (1995). Sexual perversion. In R. Stewart (4th Ed.), Philosophical Perspectives on Sex and Love (pp. 105-112). New York, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. Ruse, M. (1995). Is homosexuality bad sexuality?. In R.Stewart (4th Ed.), Philosophical Perspectives on Sex and Love (pp. 113-123). New York, New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. Schaefer, J. & Tibbles, K. (Producers), & Cox, C.J. (Director). (2003). Latter days [Motion picture]. United States: Funny Boy Films & Davis Entertainment Filmworks.

Greenhouse Effect

Greenhouse Effect is a term for the role the atmosphere plays in helping warm the earth’s surface. The atmosphere is largely transparent to incoming short-wave ( or ultrviolet) soalr radiation, which is absorbed by earth’s surface. The earth receives energy from the sun, which warms the earth’s surface. As this energy passes through the atmosphere, a certain percentage gets scattered. Some part of this energy is reflected back into the atmosphere from the land and ocean surface. The rest (70%) actually remains behind to heat the earth. n order to establisha balance, therefore, the earth must radiate some energy back into the atmosphere. As the earth is much cooler than the sun, it does not emit energy as visisble llight. It emitsthrought is frared or thermal radiation. However, certain gases in the atmosphere. Without this blanket effect, the earth would be around 30oC colder than it normally is. These gases like carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide along wi th water vapour, comprise less than one per cent of the atmosphere. They are called ‘greenhouse gases† as the working principle is same as that which occurs in a greenhouse. Just as the galss of the greenhouse prevent the radiation of excess energy, this ‘gas blanket’ absorbs some of the energy emitted by the earth and keeps temperaature level intact. This effect was first recognized by a France scientist, Jean-Baptiste Fourier, who pionted out the similarly in what happen in the atmosphere and in a green house. Hence he terms the greenhouse effect. This gas blanket has been in place ever since the creation of the earth. Since the industrial revolution human activities have been releasing more and more of these greenhouse gases into atmosphere. This leads to the blanket becaming thicker and upsets gses are called ‘sources’ and those that remove them are known as ‘sink’. A balance between ‘source’ and ‘sink’ maintains the level of these greenhouse gases. Humankind upsets this balance when new source that interfere with the natural gas. When we destroy forest, the carbon stored in the treeescapes as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Increasing agricultural activities, changes in land use patterns, and other sources lead to rising level of methane and nitrous oxide. Industrial processes also release artificial and new greenhouse gases like CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons), while automobile exhaust fumes lead to ozone generation. The resulting enchaned greenhouse effect is more commonly referred to as global warming or climate change. Global warming is a result of the increase of thickness of the greenhouse gas layer that is release into the atmosphere through human activity like burning fossil fuel. Increase greenhouse gas concerntration may be resulting in more heat being trap in the atmosphere and increasing global temperature emitted by the cars we drive, the furnaces we use to heat our homes and the industries that produce oil and gas, create electricity and develop products for the world’s marketplace. These greeghouse are completely human caused. They harm stratospheric ozone and so are not as directly responsible for global warming as carbon dioxideis. The question of reducing their presence in the stratosphere is being taken care of in another global convention, the Montreal Protocol. These gases are particularly effective in absorbing long wave radiation from the earth’s surface and preventing heat from escaping. Alhtough the views and opinions of people across the world vary on issues relating to the cause of global warming and its possible impacts, there is a common understanding that is is a cause for major global concern and must be adressed immediately. Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse Effect is a term for the role the atmosphere plays in helping warm the earth’s surface. The atmosphere is largely transparent to incoming short-wave ( or ultrviolet) soalr radiation, which is absorbed by earth’s surface. The earth receives energy from the sun, which warms the earth’s surface. As this energy passes through the atmosphere, a certain percentage gets scattered. Some part of this energy is reflected back into the atmosphere from the land and ocean surface. The rest (70%) actually remains behind to heat the earth. n order to establisha balance, therefore, the earth must radiate some energy back into the atmosphere. As the earth is much cooler than the sun, it does not emit energy as visisble llight. It emitsthrought is frared or thermal radiation. However, certain gases in the atmosphere. Without this blanket effect, the earth would be around 30oC colder than it normally is. These gases like carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide along wi th water vapour, comprise less than one per cent of the atmosphere. They are called ‘greenhouse gases† as the working principle is same as that which occurs in a greenhouse. Just as the galss of the greenhouse prevent the radiation of excess energy, this ‘gas blanket’ absorbs some of the energy emitted by the earth and keeps temperaature level intact. This effect was first recognized by a France scientist, Jean-Baptiste Fourier, who pionted out the similarly in what happen in the atmosphere and in a green house. Hence he terms the greenhouse effect. This gas blanket has been in place ever since the creation of the earth. Since the industrial revolution human activities have been releasing more and more of these greenhouse gases into atmosphere. This leads to the blanket becaming thicker and upsets gses are called ‘sources’ and those that remove them are known as ‘sink’. A balance between ‘source’ and ‘sink’ maintains the level of these greenhouse gases. Humankind upsets this balance when new source that interfere with the natural gas. When we destroy forest, the carbon stored in the treeescapes as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Increasing agricultural activities, changes in land use patterns, and other sources lead to rising level of methane and nitrous oxide. Industrial processes also release artificial and new greenhouse gases like CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons), while automobile exhaust fumes lead to ozone generation. The resulting enchaned greenhouse effect is more commonly referred to as global warming or climate change. Global warming is a result of the increase of thickness of the greenhouse gas layer that is release into the atmosphere through human activity like burning fossil fuel. Increase greenhouse gas concerntration may be resulting in more heat being trap in the atmosphere and increasing global temperature emitted by the cars we drive, the furnaces we use to heat our homes and the industries that produce oil and gas, create electricity and develop products for the world’s marketplace. These greeghouse are completely human caused. They harm stratospheric ozone and so are not as directly responsible for global warming as carbon dioxideis. The question of reducing their presence in the stratosphere is being taken care of in another global convention, the Montreal Protocol. These gases are particularly effective in absorbing long wave radiation from the earth’s surface and preventing heat from escaping. Alhtough the views and opinions of people across the world vary on issues relating to the cause of global warming and its possible impacts, there is a common understanding that is is a cause for major global concern and must be adressed immediately.

Distortions of Reality Essays

Distortions of Reality Essays Distortions of Reality Essay Distortions of Reality Essay Essay Topic: Diary Of a Madman Lolita In both Vladimir Nabokovs novel Lolita, and Thomas Pynchons novel The Crying of Lot 49, the protagonist is consumed by an obsession. These obsessions affect the characters behavior, actions, and interaction with the world. Most importantly, however, both authors reveal that obsession distorts a persons perception of reality. In Lolita, the protagonist and narrator, Humbert Humbert, has an obsessive lust for nymphets which warps his view of the world, ultimately driving him to paranoia. His sexual fixation for nymphets is projected on all that he sees. It prevents him from seeing the world clearly, void of nymphet-sexual overtones. His interactions and perceptions of girls are consumed with sexual fantasy, which obstructs their true nature. He becomes delusional due to paranoia, causing his imagination to take hold of his notions of reality. Humbert writes the following accounts from a prison cell, where he is able to use his retrospect to narrate the novel. He describes his obsession with nymphets at great lengths. Whenever he comes into contact with them he is overcome with sexual lust and yearning. He tells the reader, I was consumed by a hell furnace of localized lust for every passing nymphet (18). His obsession is intensified by the agony and frustration he feels due to his inability to act on his desires. Humbert even convinces himself that there is nothing wrong with being infatuated with girl-children, justifying it as, a question of attitude (19). This rationale is further justified through his numerous references to man-nymphet sexual relationships throughout history. He has done thorough research on the topic because of his utter fascination with girl-children. This fascination has also led him to pursue the detailed study of the pubescent stages of female development. Humbert describes the feelings that his obsessive lust evokes. He says that his random infrequent interactions with girls on the metro or in the park created a revelation of axillary russet[that] remained in my blood for weeks (20). Whenever nymphets are near him he feels euphoric and becomes enraptured in his fantasies. The world around him stops, and he dreams of being left alone in my pubescent park, in my mossy garden. Let them play around me forever. Never grow up (20). He uses imagery of a mossy garden to emphasize his forbidden desire of young girls. Moss is green, which symbolizes youth or something that is unripe, while the garden refers to Eden, where Eve was forbidden to eat from the tree of knowledge. Nabokov similarly uses imagery to reveal Humberts misconceptions of reality. His obsessive lust for young girls is reflected in the world that he sees, which is expressed through images of a mirror. While he is with a nymphet prostitute he notices his reflection that distorted my mouth (22). This mirrors his distorted view of young girls that he projects throughout the novel. He cannot see himself clearly in the mirror, just as he cannot see young girls clearly. His inability to see outside of his world, which is consumed by thoughts and feelings of obsessive lust, is also seen through imagery of a window. The prostitute is wrapped in the gauze of the window curtain, which symbolizes that Humberts obstructed view of reality is just like the obstructed view that a curtain provides a window. Similar imagery is seen during Humberts life with his first wife Valeria. Humbert and Valeria, who resembles a little girl, live in an apartment that has a hazy view in one window, a brick wall in the other (26). Humbert cannot see outside the box within he lives. He cannot see past his warped sense of women. His mind has slipped into a world confined by his sexual desire. While living in this apartment he is driven mad by the shadow of the grocers little daughter (26). This image reveals that his picture of girls is only a dark reflection of light, thus it lacks substance and clarity. Similar images persist when Humbert notices through the store window of an art dealer, a locomotive with a gigantic smokestack, great baroque lamps and a tremendous cowcatcher, hauling its mauve coaches through the stormy prairie night and mixing a lot of spark-studded black smoke with the furry thunder clouds (26-27). This image of smoke, light, and clouds reflects Humberts obscured understanding of h is world. Instead of seeing things clearly and illuminated, his head is in the clouds. The novels theme of obsession leading to the distortion of reality is reiterated through the work that Humbert does when he goes to America. The intense research that is involved in his job of writing the history of French literature causes him to have a nervous breakdown and he is sent to a sanatorium twice. This reflects the larger theme of the novel that intensity, like compulsion or obsession, leads to mental disorder. While Humbert is on an expedition to arctic Canada, he feels curiously aloof from [himself]seated on a boulder under a completely translucent sky (33). Nabokov uses imagery of clarity to make Humbert feel disconnected from himself. Under a clear sky he cannot see himself clearly. Humberts arrival at the Haze household marks the beginning of his most powerful obsession: Lolita Haze. The name Haze is an intentional play-on-words that Nabokov uses to emphasize the obscured perception and confused state of mind that she causes Humbert. Humberts obsession with this twelve-year-old girl is chronicled in an entire diarys worth of entries that mark every stage of his growing lust for her. It is filled with imagery and language that illustrate his lack of perspective. Mrs. Haze takes a picture of Humbert while he sits blinking on the steps (41). Humberts blindness from watching Lolita is accentuated by the fact that it is captured in a photograph. In another instance, while Humbert daydreams of Lolita, Mrs. Haze interrupts by asking him for a cigarette light (43). This refers to Humberts obscured view of Lolita and is an example of the subtleties of language used by Nabokov to reveal a greater theme. The leitmotif of the mirror is again seen in these diary entries when Humbert observes one day that he and Lolita are in the same warm, green bath of the mirror that reflected the top of a poplar with us in the sky (43). Their position in the sky depicts that Humbert is not grounded, nor does he have his feet on the ground, because he is completely preoccupied with his lust for Lolita. Humbert also reveals self-recognition of his biased perception of Lolita. He explains, Never have I experienced such agony. I would describe her face, her ways and I cannot because my own desire for her blinds me when she is near (44). Humbert is both literally and figuratively blinded by Lolita. He is unable to notice anything but his lust for her. One day, as he lustfully watches her leaning through a window while talking to the newspaper boy, he confesses, I seemed to see her through the wrong end of a telescope (55). Again, Nabokov uses figurative language to depict Humberts inability to see Lolita clearly while she is leaning outside of a window. By looking through a telescope from the opposite end, her image appears much farther away, and thus obscured. Humberts obsession with Lolita causes him to recreate reality. He figuratively takes on the role of an artist. He says, you have to be an artist and a madman (17) in order to lust after nymphets. This aspect of his character is emphasized when Lolita shows him a picture of a surrealist painting in a magazine (58). Nabokov uses this allusion to refer to the surreal nature of Humberts perception of Lolita. Humbert admits, What I had madly possessed was not she, but my own creation (62). He has molded his own image of Lolita in his mind, which has objectified and glorified her. His obsession with this figment of his imagination has clouded reality.

Teaching the English Language

Teaching the English Language Language is important in every culture. It enables people to understand each other and to trace their roots. However, we live in the world where almost everything is uniting into a shared understanding of each other. It would then be possible to relate with each other. That is why a common language like English is crucial. Although at some point it causes other people to feel that their tradition and values are not essential.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching the English Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Teaching Standard English in schools is a daunting task. It even becomes more difficult especially when the students are not from native English speaking countries. Some may have been born in those countries but have their native languages. Reading and writing is one way of ensuring that the skill of communication is necessary to the students. Linda Christensen is one teacher who regrets why the Englis h teacher, Mrs. Delaney, made her look inferior just because she could not pronounce certain words correctly. She feels that educators should not force certain pronunciations on students because their mother tongue affects them. Instead, they should try to help students use substitutes for some words. She discovered that at least there were substitutes for every English word. It is important also to note that language defines and classifies an individual. The social norms dictate where someone belongs when they speak and how they pronounce the words. People have come to understand that English is the language of the dominant people. As long as one can speak well and be able to use the words carefully they become recognized in the society irrespective of their origin. Other people believe that it is not good to discard one’s traditional beliefs about foreign values. The Spanish-speaking people and the African Americans are among those who think that it is wrong to judge them b y how they speak the English language. In fact, the African Americans want their Ebonics to receive accolades as much as the English language does. Another aspect of teaching is that it has dwelt so much on the readings without examining the social and historical framework. It is important to include critical literacy that explores the same. It is a state of asking questions to find the reasons as to why, how, when, and what makes them. The students need to look at themselves as they compare with the larger society. Learning is a process that must always include the learner.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gilbert’s letter brings to mind great learning from multiple writers. For instance, Multiple Roads to Literacy broadens the means and ways of learning. It builds on the fact that there is no one way of gaining literacy. People can make mistakes and still get it righ t at the end of the day. One must understand the learner and be creative about ensuring that he or she gains from the teaching. The artifact and the writings have something in common. They help to give some history of the English language and why it is important to learn it. They also provide avenues for mistakes. It is not important to judge the students and intimidate them because they could not pronounce a particular word correctly. They give a sober appeal to all learners to appreciate themselves by learning the language. The students also need to relate to their individual environments when trying to write and speak the language. It helps them to find the real meaning of their lessons. When they write about their mistakes, they find easier ways of solving some of them and even learning from each other. In some instances as they read aloud, they make others also become part of their story. At one point, some students cried in class when they heard how their colleague was struggl ing to survive in a difficult situation. There is also the tendency of using the paramount persons in the society as good examples in the impartation of knowledge. The people are mostly from high social classes and or might have served in the public sector. It is up to the teacher to remind the students that even in their small world there are heroes to celebrate, including their improvements. Such things help learners to acknowledge the process and believe in themselves. The writings are crucial. They have made me have a different perspective on learning. It is important to understand the students one has in class. It is also reasonable to relate with them so that all of us can go through the learning process with fewer difficulties. When teaching, I have learned that history is part of the learning. In as much as the lessons may be very particular and strict about the syllabus, one needs to focus on the surroundings as well. When people talk about themselves, and what they are goi ng through, they open up to others to find solutions. It also brings people closer.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching the English Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The students who felt lonely because they had no one to talk to would soon find partners in the same problem. The readings and discussions help to solve particular problems. Classes must not just become rigid curricular regulations. They are also social places where people can share, analyze and become part of a solution. Students must learn to deal with their fears because it interferes with their learning. It is also important to discover that there are standards in the education. Those standards must also resonate with the learners. Critical writing would be crucial for my anticipated future. They would guide and shape my new understanding of things. I would become less judgmental and more accommodative to my students. The students under my care would turn out to be the best students who would learn appreciative skills from me. I would use this for community and team building for students who could not relate well to each other to find new ways of association. I would also become more confident about my work as a teacher. It should be all about making positive progress. The readings have opened up my inner understanding. I would have just remained the way I was before my readings. I would also have imparted the same knowledge and skills that my teacher and society taught me. But I have now known that history is part of my students and my work. I always have to feel the urge to keep making others believe in themselves. I have learned through mistakes and would not like others to go through the same mistakes. I would instill discipline in my students because they would carry it on to the future. I would use the children’s mistakes to mold new behavior in them through encouraging them and motivating them. The m ost important thing is to ensure that they release deep-seated anger about their past.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More I would then group the students depending on their abilities. The groups would keep changing members until if possible all the students can feel happy being with each in class and outside. The stories they share would become confidential within the boundaries of the class until and unless the students want to share with their parents.

The Absolute Freedom of Expression through Journalism in the Modern Article

The Absolute Freedom of Expression through Journalism in the Modern World - Article Example In this same background, it is also important to redefine the true purpose and function of the global journalists. A prudent definition would instruct the journalists to persist their valuable efforts to invite the attention of the common people to incidents of similar nature and to the exact need for greater freedom of the press. The most recent attacks on the six journalists across the world and especially in South Asia once again draw the attention of international community to the question of journalistic function and many have responded to this essential topic of the time. In one of the most persuasive appeals to the recent atrocities on international journalists, Matt Wade’s article â€Å"Sword Mightier than Pen as Journalist Deaths Rise to Six† deals with the â€Å"bloody start to this year for media workers on the Indian subcontinent.† (Wade) In this article, Matt Wade convincingly summarizes the atrocities to journalists in the most hazardous region in the world for journalists to work and reports the several instances of media attacks in South Asia - which includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bhutan. He illustrates the mounting attacks against the freedom of speech in the region with pieces of evidence of Lasantha Wickramatunga, the leading Colombo newspaper editor, Uma Singh, the young journalist in her 20s, and Sayed Perwiz Kambaksh, the journalism student in Afghanistan. By reporting and summarizing several instances of attacks on journalists in the region and by raising the issue of the sword is mightier than the pen, Matt Wade not only serves his journalistic function but, more importantly, proves that pen is mightier than the sword. An understanding of the rhetorical devices used by the author, one realizes that Matt Wade has been effective in catching the emotion of the readers and creating the exact feelings of pathos in them.

Not sure it is about media study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Not sure it is about media study - Essay Example 76). Althusser’s then considered that class is never inherent but instead culturally created, and individual desires, attitude, behaviours and choices are creation of ideology. Furthermore, he argued that ideology controls people via despotic state machineries built in ideological state devices, and as such, it is impossible to conceive a structure of images plus objects whose connotations can exist separately of language. Althusser’s observes that ideology interpellates existing individuals as material subjects through pre-existing classes comprising the subject (Montag, 2003, p. 45). Foucault, on the other hand observes ideology as an intolerable concept of universal judiciousness, which are based on subjectivity (Mills, 2012, p. 64). Foucault scepticism on ideology is based on his belief that dissimilar rationalities are composed in historical structures. Thus, he mystifies power due to its emphasis on universal truth. Foucault asserts that, subjectivity is the validation of a progression, and it is rather provisional leading to subject(s) (Ransom, 2008, p. 4). To Foucault subjectivities are rather multiple instead of being unified even as it fluctuates instead of being fixed, per se, subjects are socially constituted. Hence, subjectivity possesses a permanent provocation to the discourse or conversation which defines it (Strozier, 2002, p. 21). On the other hand, Althusser’s defines subjectivity as the roles, characteristics or subject possessed by individuals, and willingly undertake in response to an ideology. Thus, according to Althusser’s, su bjectivity is the hub of initiatives, an author of, along with being responsible for its actions. Therefore, an individual is for all time a subject, even before he or she is born (Ferretter, 2012, p. 88). The aim of this paper is to discuss the statement that language is always already ideological,

My Philosophy of Education (Early Childhood Education) Essay

My Philosophy of Education (Early Childhood Education) - Essay Example Educators may ask the child why they did not surpass the activity. Asking for their outputs can direct children in honest assessment. No one is perfect. Teaching youngster to accept others failure with activities can cultivate their mentality with respect to other's failure. Let them think that every failure is an opportunity for further learning. Behind tasks or activities comes along responsibilities for learners to accomplish it. Giving them the understanding of finishing the tasks is an achievement that will merit soon. Applying rewarding system to this will give them the persistent determination and setting it as a goal. Mostly, young children like meriting their achievements. Let them know what they do right. This contributes their faith that learning is fun both intellectual and physical. Learning begins at the very early stage of life. From birth, learning is continues progression throughout life. Every stage in life contributes in how a person is shaped and nurtured. Knowledge can be acquired and the kind of environment people intermingle can be a factor to how he is developed. Proper education from the early stage of development is highly considered in raising children aptly. Education formally is a social science tha... From birth, learning is continues progression throughout life. Every stage in life contributes in how a person is shaped and nurtured. Knowledge can be acquired and the kind of environment people intermingle can be a factor to how he is developed. Proper education from the early stage of development is highly considered in raising children aptly. Education formally is a social science that encompasses teaching and learning specific knowledge, beliefs, and skills (Education). Encompassing early childhood education needs special curriculum in edifying them appropriately to aid in their early stage of growth. Fostering children is a crucial task which need continues monitoring with their improvement and growth. Considering the essentialness of the subject introduces to young children and their capacity to conceive must be gauged and assessed properly. As a requisite, proper environment and the right childhood educator have to be defined to constitute excellent learning possibility. It seems rational to make adjustment with the curriculum if needed. In this method, young children will have the suitable scheme for learning. Define different stages of learning and monitor them for proper assessment. Recording of the rate of learning can be tracked by charting. Necessary decisions can be made from these data concerning changes in learning curriculum. Building the foundations for educating young children is a task of a lifetime. Educator-student communication is always the key. One must implement an effective institution for cultivating children considering its socio-emotional aspects. The reward will be fulfilling when you have successfully guide a child to demonstrate his best WORKS CITED "Education." Wikipedia: The Free

Suspension Bridge Essay Example for Free

Suspension Bridge Essay What is meant by suspension bridge? A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck (the load-bearing portion) is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders. Outside Tibet and Bhutan, where the first examples of this type of bridge were built in the 15th century, this type of bridge dates from the early 19th century. Bridges without vertical suspenders have a long history in many mountainous parts of the world. Structure of suspension bridge – This type of bridge has cables suspended between towers, plus vertical suspender cables that carry the weight of the deck below, upon which traffic crosses. This arrangement allows the deck to be level or to arc upward for additional clearance. Like other suspension bridge types, this type often is constructed without false work. Can a suspension bridge be considered as a work on parabola? Yes, a suspension bridge can be called a work on parabola. As a suspension bridge is designed on parabola as the bridge is also in the â€Å"U† shaped figure as we can see it in our project. Parabola is a curved conical shaped open figure. Parabola can be defined in different ways. First, it is the graph of any quadratic function of the form y = ax2 + bx + c. Another way though, is to define it as the collection of all points that are equidistant from a line and a point not on the line. A parabola is a curve, much like a U shape. The most simple parabola is y = x^2. More info about parabola   and suspension bridge Some facts about parabola and suspension bridge:- The vertical line passing through the vertex is called the axis of symmetry. The eq. for the line is where D=0 Quadratic formula if ax2 + bx + c = 0 then x=-b ±b2-4ac2a Basic design of parabolic bridge:- Dutch scientist Christian Huygens believed that two cables running between two towers could support weight that was much greater than its own weight. The cables suspended between the two towers naturally took the shape of a parabola. The parabolic shape of the cable is created not only by gravity but also by the compression and tension forces acting on the bridge. Todays scientists believe that this is the most efficient design because it requires the least amount of materials to support a heavy load. The modern suspension bridge is composed of a deck, supports, foundations, long wire cables and hangers. Latest Research on Suspension Bridges:- Research on structural topology optimization on a suspension bridges parabolic cable has shown that it is possible to increase its capacity to withstand compressive forces. In order to help stabilize suspension bridges, truss systems are used. The truss system helps the deck resist bending, twisting and swaying. DO you KNOW: The longest suspension bridge in the world (as of 2010) is the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Kobe, Japan. It opened in 1998 and spans an incredible 1991 meters (6529 feet) Suspension Bridges Design technology Suspension bridges in their simplest form were originally made from rope and wood. Modern suspension bridges use a box section roadway supported by high tensile strength cables. In the early nineteenth century, suspension bridges used iron chains for cables. The high tensile cables used in most modern suspension bridges were introduced in the late nineteenth century. Today, the cables are made of thousands of individual steel wires bound tightly together. Steel, which is very strong under tension, is an ideal material for cables; a single steel wire, only 0.1 inch thick, can support over half a ton without breaking. Light, and strong, suspension bridges can span distances from 2,000 to 7,000 feet far longer than any other kind of bridge. They are ideal for covering busy waterways. With any bridge project the choice of materials and form usually comes down to cost. Suspension bridges tend to be the most expensive to build. A suspension bridge suspends the roadway from huge main cables, which extend from one end of the bridge to the other. These cables rest on top of high towers and have to be securely anchored into the bank at either end of the bridge. The towers enable the main cables to be draped over long distances. Most of the weight or load of the bridge is transferred by the cables to the anchorage systems. These are imbedded in either solid rock or huge concrete blocks. Inside the anchorages, the cables are spread over a large area to evenly distribute the load and to prevent the cables from breaking free. Suspension bridge: construction that allows automobiles to travel between two points separated by an obstacle. Side span: segment between two pylons at the ends of a bridge. Centre span: segment between two pylons at the centre of a bridge. Side pylon: tower-like vertical construction situated at the side, usually supporting the cables of a suspension bridge or a cable-stayed bridge. Foundation of a pylon: very durable lower part of a tower. Suspender: support cable. Suspension cable: set of braided wire that supports a bridge. Pylon: tower-like vertical support that usually supports the cables of a suspension bridge or a cable-stayed bridge. Stiffening girder: tightener beam

The Problems Of Human Population Levels Environmental Sciences Essay

The Problems Of Human Population Levels Environmental Sciences Essay Suppose the world population stopped growing today (whew!) What environmental problems would that solve? Which ones would remain? What remaining problems would get worse? The biggest problem facing our environment today is the population of our planet. If the population of the world stopped today it would help improve living standards and perhaps facilitate more time to improve technology plus help balance the natural resources we have available. Taking steps to preserve or stop the abuse of our environment will largely depend on stabilizing the population. Serious concerns remain if we do not adopt some method of slowing the population. Birth control is one step in slowing down the worlds population. Education in developing countries is paramount. Many of these countries continue to have large families to ensure a sort of social security. However, the health of these families does not insure the longevity of the individuals. Many children die early as the result of poor nutrition and the lack of public health programs. However, even if we were able to contain the population from growing exponentially our environment still needs improvement in almost every sector. No one knows for sure just how many individuals mother earth can support. What we do know is that major problems such as public health, food supply, fresh water and the continued degrading and destruction of our woodlands and rain forests will remain. Plant biodiversity and climate control are also major issues that need our attention. Finally we need to look at what major problems would still remain after a cap in population came into effect. According to the article How Global Population Growth is Creating Serious Problems by Larry West posted at www.environmentabout.com the largest fear is that in coming decades the population of the planet will be faced with serious water-stress or water-scarce situations. These conditions will continue to intensify in meeting the needs of all individuals. The most serious of these overpopulation problems include starvation, pandemic diseases or warfare to secure a means of survival. Describe a way in which you use the scientific process in your life? The scientific process involves the following: identify a problem you would like to solve, formulate a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, collect and analyze the data, make conclusions. Three years ago we purchased an above ground swimming pool. My husband and I have owned two other such swimming pools. Although far from being experts we are both well versed in the care and cleaning of a swimming pool. We were talked into purchasing a paper cartridge type of filter. We had always used a sand filter and they had always performed well. Thinking that this new technology was better than sand we purchased the new filter. What should have been a fun project turned into a real nightmare. The problem was we could not keep the water clear. Although we knew what the problem was, the hypothesis was determining what was causing the water to go from clear to white. We tested the water; we had other people test the water. No one could come up with a reason why this was happening. Finally after using numerous chemicals and gallons and gallons of chlorine we stumbled upon a pool company near us. They also tested the water and low and behold we had phosphates or the common term, white algae. I had always thought that algae were green or black. However, as we learned there is also a variety known as white algae. The material was coming from our well water as well as in the air from farmers in the area spraying fertilizer. Our wonderful new filter that we had purchased could not handle the problem. Last year we finally gave the original filter the heave-ho and purchased the reliable sand filter and the results have been no more problems! A problem that I would like to solve is that of a cat spraying. It has to be the most disgusting thing I have ever encountered. One would have to wonder why cats do this. According to an article at www.iams.com Is your Cat Potty Naughty this is a rather common problem especially for certain cats. After observing cats in general, there are actually several reasons why this happens. First and foremost they do it to mark their territory. This is why it is important to spay or neuter animals especially males. The other issues concern the health of the animal or perhaps a behavioral issue. We have a cat that had both a health issue and a behavioral issue. We got the health issue taken care of with the help of our veterinarian. The behavioral issue was something that was going to take some time. At the suggestion of the veterinarian we secluded this animal in a cage by himself. In addition we tried all kind of cleaning chemicals to get rid of any remaining odor. Thank goodness none of it was on any of the carpeting! What we found however was certain cleaning solutions made the naught potty problem only worse. Any p roduct with ammonia only attracted the animal right back to the spot. So after trial and error we finally found that only cat cleaners that our vet recommended worked. 3. Describe two specific ways that microbes are important environmentally speaking, outside of the areas of health and food. Describe one way that microbes are beneficial in health. Just what is a microbe? Microbes play a very important role in our environment. According to www.library.thinkquest.org microbes are very small organisms belonging to various groups; Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa and viruses. According to this article they play a significant role in our life on this planet. Without them there would be no earth as we know it. Phytoplankton is one microbe which resides in the ocean. Its role is to provide oxygen and help slow global warming by removing some of the carbon dioxide produced when we burn fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas or gasoline. In addition microbes provide a natural repellent to control pests on food crops and other vegetation. Perhaps if we relied more on this natural pest control we could reduce the use of harmful chemicals that end up on our food. Microbes are also present in our bodies. The friendly bacteria present in our bodies help to break down the food we eat and also prevent us from succumbing to serious illness by preventing harmful bacteria from entering our bodies. 4. Explain what could happen to the ecosystem where American Alligators live if the alligators went extinct. Name a plant species and animal species that would be seriously affected and describe how each might respond to these changes in their environment. The American Alligator is known as a Keystone Species. One might wonder just what a Keystone Species is. These species are those that play a critical role in the maintaining of the ecosystem where those species reside. Keystone Species such as the American Alligator have a very particular niche in the area where they reside. According to an article at www.atlss.org/gator the American Alligators role is one that has a major effect on the plant communities and associated aquatic animals. The alligators have survived where others have been come extinct. At www.exploringnature.org it was cited that alligators were put on the endangered species list back in 1967 and protected from hunting. After the alligator has hatched its young, the alligators nesting mounds provide a nesting area for other species such as herons, egrets and red-bellied turtles. In addition alligators keep in check the population of certain predatory fish such as the Gar. Perhaps the most important role they play is by keeping the wetlands open thereby sustaining the area by providing a home to many other plants and animals. It important to realize certain species even though thought of as annoying pests are quite important to our whole ecosystem. Take the same approach that you used in Question #4 and research and discuss the arrival of the Asian Carp into Lake Michigan. What are Asian Carp and where did these fish come from? According to an article at www.time.com these fish are related to what are commonly called bighead and silver carp. The Asian Carp are native to China and parts of Southeast Asia. These fish were originally used by American catfish farmers to eat the algae in their ponds. The Asian Carp have slowly found ways to make it into the Mississippi River and are now threatening Lake Michigan. According to the article these fish even though they are not particularly dangerous to people, grow quickly and adapt very well to their new environment. What makes them dangerous is that they feed on plankton which removes the bottom layers of the food chain of native fish species. Their potential presence is a very serious problem that has multiple effects. Their entry into Lake Michigan has the potential to ruin the fishing and tourism industries of Lake Michigan and the surrounding states. After all what fisherman would like to be smacked by on e of these huge fish that seem to love to go airborne when disrupted! From another ecological perspective, the Great Lakes are a key mid-continent migration rest stop for hundreds of thousands of waterfowl according to an article at www.ducks.org. Because these fish have such a huge appetite they can eat their weight in vegetation daily leaving the wetlands degraded and destroyed for these migrating waterfowl. This problem demonstrates what can happen when an invasive species find its way into a new area, allowed to reproduce and destroys the original ecosystem. Identify a major local, national or global environmental problem and research and describe the role of population growth on this problem. Lake Manitou is a 735 acre manmade lake located in Rochester, Indiana. This lake is home to many residents of Fulton County, Indiana and also a hot spot in the summer to many individuals living outside the Fulton County area. In 2006 it was discovered that Lake Manitou was being threatened by an invasive fast-growing aquatic plant. The name of this pant is Hydrilla verticillata. Hydrilla is a noxious plant according to www.plants.usda.gov. In addition, according to an article found at www.rochsent.com Hydrilla invades lake this plant is commonly found in southern states. What makes this plant so serious is that it invades the water ecosystem and has the potential to choke out other aquatic plants. There are several ways that this plant may have made its way into this lake. Since this lake is a popular boating lake it is possible that a boat was contaminated somewhere else and when launched into Manitou it released the plant. The second reason according the Indiana DNR is that individ uals who live or rent cottages at the lake unintentionally tossed water garden or pond plants into the lake. My husband and I live on a private lake in Fulton County. This lake has been used in the past by many residents for fishing. However, we are very picky and do not allow any boats to come on our property especially after this incident at Lake Manitou. It is very important to my husband and me that we maintain the quality of the lake and protect the ecosystem right in our own backyard. Explain in a detailed way why most of the animals in tropical rainforest live in trees. Tropical rainforests are defined as dense forests with high amounts of rainfall and are located in tropical regions of the world. These forests are home to all kinds of animals and insect life. In fact there are probably many animals and or insects that have yet to be discovered in the rainforests. According to Rainforest an article located at www.rainforestanimals.net there are several layers to the rainforest. These layers are known as Emergent Layer, Canopy, Understory and the Rainforest floor. The top layer known as the Emergent Layer is home to a variety of insects, some species of bats and some species of birds. The next layer known as the Canopy is composed of trees that grow to heights of 100 150 feet. It is in these two areas where most of the animals make their home and find their food. The lower levels of the rain forest do not receive much sunlight however; these levels still provide an environment conducive to a variety of life that inhabits the rainforest floor. It does make one wonder how so many species can live in harmony and find the food and water to survive. The main reason is because they have adapted to living on specific plants or animals which other species are unable to eat. I found a very interesting article at www.ran.org. that explains how these species often help each other by supplying fruits and vegetation by droppings etc. However, these species have become so dependent on each other that if one does not survive the other will often become extinct as well. Using the bird example as a model, identify another species that your lifestyle (or that of our community) could directly or indirectly contribute to its premature extinction. What are three things that could be done to mitigate that? Extinction is forever. There is no turning back the clock to save the species which in the case of the passenger pigeon was directly the result of human intervention. It is our human activities that have the most profound effect on species animals and plants alike. By degrading and destroying our environment we are the prime reason why species are becoming extinct. One species that could be in danger is migrating waterfowl. By degrading and destroying wetlands and marshes we are limiting the areas where these animals take refuge. On a local perspective we all become annoyed at the growing population of the Canada goose. They seem to be everywhere. But have you ever thought that perhaps we have taken away the areas that once belonged to them? In our local community the golfers are upset because there is a large population of geese. Well what do you expect down the road is a large 735 acre lake and wetlands next to the gold course. It really makes me angry when we take areas away from these animals and then complain about their presence. Where are they supposed to live? Another area that is in danger is located in Western Canada and Central Alaska that is home to one of the largest forested regions in the world according to the article Western Boreal Forest Canada Region #5 located at www.ducks.org . This massive forest area is home to many species of waterfowl including; ducks, loons and sandhill cranes. It is where they migrate, molt and breed. These pristine areas of lakes and forests have in the past been immune to outside degradation and destruction due to the remote area where it is located. However, it is evident that humans are moving into this area in search of ways to feed our growing oil consumption. It will have a profound effect on the land, the species and the climate of this region. There are many things that can be done to protect these wonderful areas. One of the most important I feel is education. Ducks Unlimited strives to do just that by educating individuals and maintaining existing wetlands. In addition we need to use proper forest management to protect these areas. Lastly we need to find solutions to decrease our huge appetite for petroleum. In doing so we alleviate several problems, cut down on destroying pristine areas which are home to many species, lower water and air population and slow down the process of greenhouse gases. All of these are important to sustain our environment.